Water & Solution Analysis
A wide range of testwork may be carried out on solutions including:
- Alkalinity (Hydroxide, Carbonate, Bicarbonate)
- Bicarbonate
- Carbonate
- Chloride
- Chlorine, Free
- Conductivity
- Cyanide - Total (Titrimetric)
- Cyanide - Free (Titrimetric)
- Cyanide - Weak & Dissociable (Titrimetric)
- Hardness - Total by calculation from Fe, Zn, Sr, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn
- Iron - Total
- Iron - Dissolved
- Mercury
- Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS)
- Nitrogen - Ammonia
- Nitrogen - Organic/Total
- Nitrogen - Nitrate
- Nitrogen - Nitrite
- pH
- Salinity (expressed as NaCl)
- Sulphate (Total Sulphur expressed as SO4)
- Solids - Suspended
- Solids - Total Dissolved
Should elemental analysis be required, solutions will typically be diluted in an acidic matrix then analysed by either ICP-OES or ICP-MS. The quoted detection limits are based on potable water although lower detection limits are available if required. If salt loading is high, samples will be diluted to remove interferences, possibly increasing detection limits.
Detection Limits by ICP-OES (Method Code : ICP201)
| Ag (0.01 ppm) |  Al (0.01 ppm) |
As (0.02 ppm) |
B (0.01 ppm) |
Ba (0.01 ppm) |
| Be (0.01 ppm) | Ca (0.01 ppm) |
Cd (0.01 ppm) |
Co (0.01 ppm) |
Cr (0.01 ppm) |
| Cu (0.01 ppm) | Fe (0.01 ppm) |
K (0.1 ppm) |
Mg (0.01 ppm) |
Mn (0.01 ppm) |
| Mo (0.02 ppm) | Na (0.1 ppm) |
Ni (0.01 ppm) |
P (0.05 ppm) |
Pb (0.02 ppm) |
| S (0.05 ppm) | Sc (0.01 ppm) |
Si (0.1 ppm) |
Sr (0.01 ppm) |
Ti (0.01 ppm) |
| V (0.02 ppm) | Zn (0.01 ppm) |
Zr (0.01 ppm) |
Detection Limits by ICP-MS (Method Code : ICP401)
| Ag (1 ppb) | As (10 ppb) |
Au (10 ppt) |
Ba (10 ppb) |
Be (1 ppb) |
| Bi (1 ppb) | Cd (10 ppb) |
Ce (1 ppb) |
Co (10 ppb) |
Cs (1 ppb) |
| Cu (10 ppb) | Dy (1 ppb) |
Er (1 ppb) |
Eu (1 ppb) |
Ga (5 ppb) |
| Gd (5 ppb) | Ge (0.1 ppm) |
Hf (10 ppb) |
Hg (1 ppb) |
Ho (1 ppb) |
| In (1 ppb) | La (1 ppb) |
Li (10 ppb) |
Lu (1 ppb) |
Mo (10 ppb) |
| Nb (10 ppb) | Nd (1 ppb) |
Ni (20 ppb) |
Pb (50 ppb) |
Pd (100 ppt) |
| Pr (1 ppb) | Pt (50 ppt) |
Rb (1 ppb) |
Re (5 ppb) |
Sb (5 ppb) |
| Sc (10 ppb) | Se (0.1 ppm) |
Sm (1 ppb) |
Sn (20 ppb) |
Sr (5 ppb) |
| Ta (1 ppb) | Tb (1 ppb) |
Te (10 ppb) |
Th (1 ppb) |
Tl (5 ppb) |
| Tm (1 ppb) | U (1 ppb) |
W (10 ppb) |
Y (5 ppb) |
Yb (1 ppb) |
| Zn (20 ppb) | Zr (10 ppb) |